Machine for husking, podding, brushing, or treating grain



Dec. 4, 1928. 1,693,953

L. KASPAR MACHINE FOR HUSKING, PODDING, BRUSHING, OR TREATING GRAIN Filed Nov. 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 1t tornxvjs Dec. 4, 192 8. 1,693,953

L. KASPAR MACHINE FOR HUSKING, PUDDING, BRUSHING, OR TREATIN G GRAIN Filed Nov. 5, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jaye/ lar Ital-mg:

Dec. 4; 1928. 1,693,953

L. KASPAR MACHINEFOR HUSKING, PODDING, BRUSHING, OR TREATING GRAIN Filed Nov. 5, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 .Atibrn gys Dec. 4, 1928. 1,693,953

L. KASPAR MACHINE FOR HUSKING, PODDING, BRUSHING, OR TREATING GRAIN Filed NOV. 5, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet '4 lftbrneys Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

UNITED STATES LEOPOLD KASPAR, OF OLMUTZ .MAHREN,

oznonosnovaxra; AssIGNoR' 'r'o KASPAR GETREIDESCHKLMASCHINE G. B. 11., .OF OFFENBACH-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY.

MACHINE FOR HUSKING, PUDDING, BRUSHING, OE TREATING GRAIN.

Application filed November "5, 1925, Serial No. 66,986, and in Austria November 20, 1924/ The subject of the present invention is a machine "for husking, pulsing, podding, polishing, brushing, or similarly treating grain, g'mlse, or seeds, in which two or more separate treating chambers are employed in known manner. Whereas, however, in the previously known machines a single charging device is provided which delivers the raw material to the first chamber, whence it is transferred to the second and thence to the third and so on, according to the pres ent invention the charging device is of such construction that two or more chambers may be simultaneously charged from it with fresh raw material. Said charging operations may, however, be arranged to take place successively. An extra valve device is, tor that purpose, provided between thecharging device and the inlet openings of the individual chambers, the said device being so arranged that individual treating chambers may be temporarily disconnected. This has the advantage that it is posible to work with reduced loading, without the efliciency of the machine beingimpaired. This is useful dur ing decreased output or when a part'of the plant is damaged. Between each pair of treating chambers connected to one charging device there is arranged an intermediate chan'iber which enables the raw material to be introduced into the chambers from the sides. These intermediate chambers may also be provided with air inlet openings to allow the material to be ventilated, or special chambers arranged between pairs of treating chambers may be provided for said introduction of air.

Each charging device and each valve de rice is preferably so constructed that the flow of material may be regulated not onl in quantity, but also as regards time. The charging and valve devices may be interconnected by their control means and the valve devices may also be connected by the ctmtrol means with the discharge openings of the chambers in such a manner that when the discharge flap-valves are open, the valve device is closed.

Finally the charging device may even term a part of the valve device, thus simplitying the construction.

The present invention may, however, be

carried out in yet another manner: The known machines with more than two chambers operate as follows: The material" to be treated passes through the individual chambers in turn, being discharged successivcly 'tromone chamber to-the next, and is finallywithdrawn fully treated from the last chamber. These known machines withmore than tWO' chambers possess the advantage over known one, or two-chamber machines that is avoided by the obviationot charging and discharging pauses and-totaljunloading of the machine. The invention is based on the tact that by combining machines with one intermittent operation of the machine or two drums to form a threeor more'chambored machinein which the independentnature of the individual machines is retained, that is, the treated material is. discharged from each drum without passing through the other machines, pauses, in the operation, and intermittent working may be obviated. For this reason. separate machines are, according to the invention, combined in a unit, forming a machine of three or more chambers, with a common driving shaft, and preferably in addition, with a common valve control shaft. Each of these separate ma chines, however, works as an independent machine from which the material is discharged separately, intermediate spaces between the said machines providing for the individual ventilation ot-each machine.

In such an aggregation of individual ma chines to form a single unit the individual machines may be regulated in such a nianner that they may be charged and discharged independently of each other and the material in each drum maybe subjected to'treatment tor any desired period. Preferably the control arrangements are such that the discharging and the immediately subseopuentv charging of each individual machine are-etlected while the other machines are in full operation.

' The advantages of the introduction of the I material into the drums fron1'tl1eside are also retained in such an aggregation of ind1vidualmacli1nes.

The combination of such machines in a single unit may even beextended'tofeed- 111g all the machines individually from a singlepoint by means of suitable conveyor Y devices, for example, a conveyer screw, intermediate spaces between the 1nd1v1dualmachines making the introduction of the material from the side possible.

Several forms of such a machine are illustrated by way of example in the ace-om- A anying drawings inwhich a preferred em od'iment with a charging device for each pair of chambers is" shown in Fig. 1 in end elevation, in F g. 2 in side elevation, in Fig.

3 in partial crosssection and in Fig. 1. in longitudinal cross section. Figs 5 and 6 showa special construction of charging devicein section andend elevation. Figs. 7 and 18 illustrate in end elevation (-partlally sectioned), and side elevation, amachine composed of four single-drum machines with; common driving and valve-control slide. valves, or the like, 10 and 11.

shafts, each drum being provided with its own feed hopper. Fig. 9 showsin side elevation a machine composed of four single drum machines in which all the drums are fed from a single point, the material being delivered by means of a conveyer screw to into the chambers 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 through V the intermediate charging chambers 7 or '8.

' The alternate, or simultaneous, charging of chambers 1 and 2 or 3 and 1 by the eharging devices 5 and 6 is eflt'ectedbyimeans of the positive control of regulating flap valves, The control means of these flaps, slides, or the like, is interconnected with the control means of the discharge flap valves, or the like, 13 to 16 in. such a manner that the discharge valves open first, thematerial to be treated passing out from the chambers in question and out from the machine, and im- -mediately thereafter the chambers are recharged.

The control means may,'however, be so arranged that, for example, chambers 1 and 4 are-filled while chambers 2 and 3remain empty, the machine then requiring correspondingly less power. 1 g i In the normal operation of the machine the four chambers .diseharge in any order, one after theother, and are then immediately recharged,so that the above men tioned but considerably reduced variations in loading last a few seconds only.

"The introduction of air into the chambers 1 and 4 is effected through'openings in the ends of the machine while air isintroduced into the chambers 2 and 3 through the intermediate chamber 9, the air being sucked in through the Walls of the intermediate chamber, The air enters the intermediate chamher through air openingsyin its casing.

The material leaving the individual chamhers may, for example, be discharged into a screwconveyer path 17 and led by a screw to the common outlet 18. a

With normal operation in which the chambers are charged and discharged, not simul taneously, but at diiferent times, the cycle of operations is as follows: On starting up the machine the valve devices (slides 5 and i 6 or the like) "arranged in'the charging devices 5 and G are in the open position. The flap valveslO and 11, or the like are 111 such a position that the charging openings of one pair of chambers, for example, the chambers 1 and 3 are open, while the charging openings of the other pair of chambers 2 and 4 are closed.- The chambers 1 and.3 may thereforebe charged with material.

The entry of material into, chambers 1 and 3 is interrupted by the movement oft/he valves 5 and 6 into the closed position. At any desired moment the chargingopenings of the other chambers 2 and t maybe opened by the reversal of the valves 10 and 11 while the charging openingsof the chambers in full operationareat the same time closed, this reversal being eifected with thevalves 5 and 6 in the closed position; VVhen-the valves 5. and6 are subsequentlyopened, the empty chambers 2 and i are charged with material. The discharge of the individual chambers is eileeted by the opening of the discharge valves 13, 14, 15, 16, which, however, are

preferably not opened simultaneously, but

si'iccessively at definite intervals, the valve member ,5 or- Gof the charg-mg hopper being in the closed position during discharge.

A four "chamber machine may also be so regulated that eachpair otchambers be longing to d1fleient cl1arg ng hoppers, for

charged simultaneously, 1

The charging and discharging of the chambers during the rotation of the beater wheel 12, or the like, is eitected automatically by regulating devices which are driven from the machine shaft 19 and by means of which the valves 5 and 6 are moved alternately into the open and closedpositions; the flap valves 10 and 11 reversed andthe discharge valves 13, .14, 15, 16 opened and closed.

The drive derived from thedrum, or machine, shaft 19 may be, for example, arranged similarly to that described in the Austrian patent specification No. 18,513.

The driving means ortwo chan'ibers diagrannnatically illustrated in the drawings: A valve control shaft 20 is driven intermittently by t'he drum shaft 19 inlmown-manner,

throiigh the agencyot alcam 21 which inter- 110; example, 1, 3 or 2; a are charged and dismittently engages with a driver 22 on an'intermediate gear shaft driven from the drum shaft 19 through an intermediate gear 23, 24. Cams 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 3 1, 32 are mounted on the control shaft 20, cams'25, 26, 2-7, 28 actuating the discharge valves 13, 1-1, 15, 16, while cams 29, 30 operate the valves 10, 11, and-cams 31, 32 the valves 5 and 6'. The cam 25, for example, Operates av pivoted lever 33 which is. connected through rods 31, 35 with the discharge valve 13, the discharge valve being. opened by a movement of the pivoted lever 33. The cams 26, 27 28 operate the discharge valves 14, 15, 16 in like manner. Each ofthe ca ms 31, 32 cooperates in a similar manner with a pivoted lever which is connected by a rod 36 with the valve 5 or 6 respectively so that each valve may be opened individually by the rotation of the eo-operating cam. In the drawing the rod 36 engages with a slotted member 37 connected to the valve 5'. This slot-ted member enables the point of attachment of the rod 36 to be adjusted, where-- by the range of opening ofthe valve may be altered. The cams 29 and 30 operate rods '38, 39 which actuate crank arms 41 mounted on the spindles of the valves 10, 11.

The cams 29 and 30 are provided with two oppositely situated raised portions 29 529*, 30 30". They are slidably mounted on the shaft 20 so that either the portions 29 .230 or 29 30 may be brought into engagement By moving the cam 29 to theiright from the position shown in the drawing the timing of the reversal of the'valve 10 will be alterec. \Vhereaswith normal opera tion the charging of the chamber preferably follows the discharge immediately and for this purpose the valves 10 and 11 are so regulated that they open laterthan. the dis-- charge valves 13 and 14, it is on the other hand possible by adjustment-f of the cams 29, 30 to put the raisedportions 29. 30 out of the operation and29 30 into operation, whereby the successive operation of the discharging and charging valves of a chamber may be controlled as desired. i

The time intervals, within which the movements of the regulating devices follow one :mother maybe arranged to be variable and adjustableby the adjustment of a stop, in the manner disclosed by the Austrian patcntspecification No. 18,513. 7

Another construction of the charging device for the material is shown in Figs. 5 and. (3, in which the feed device consists of an in,- let tube 42 and two valves; 43, 14. These valves are provided with openings 45, 45, which cooperate with the openings or, channels 46, 41.6 leading into the chambers in such a. manner thatwhen the valve openings are situated over the channel openings, the material may run through the inlet tube 4-2 into the individual chambers; 'The valves 1 4:3, 44 are operated through valve rods 47,

in the valve rod. 17. In the construction :shown in the drawing the valve guide 51 is utilized iorthe introduction of air which enters through openings 52, 52 and holes 53, 53 in the side walls of the chambers. With this construction the-material may be allowed to extend to the charging pointand a special valve in the conveyor device is une necessary.

In the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8, 54, 55, 56, 57 are the treating chambers of four individual machines arranged beside one another with intermediate spaces 59, G0, 61. these chambers a beater62 rotates the beaters of all the chambersbeing rotated by a common driving shaft 58 mounted in bearings 63 and (it. Each chamber is provided with a charging device 66,67, 68, (i9 (hopper or the like) for the material to be treated, by means of which charging device the material is fed into the chambers in a manner in itself known and fromrwhich. it may be withdrawn by discharge valves 70, 71, 72, 73 through a dischargehopp'er 7 45. The control of the charging devices 66, 67, 68,69

and the discharging valves 70, 71., 72, 73

is effected by a common control shaft 75 which is so regulated that the individual machines may be charged and discharged independently, preferably in such a manner that the discharge of each machine is followed immediately by its charging, the charging and discharging proceeding while the machine is in full operation. 76, 77, 78, 79 are air inlet openings through which air is sucked into the individual chambers. Openings covered by filters 80allow for the outlet of the air from the individual chambers.

The machine operates in such a manner, that-the material is fed at desired intervals throughthe four inlet devices 66, 67, 68, 69 into the respective chambers, is seized by the beater device and is treated by being rubbed onthe emcryjacket 65 untilthe-dis charge valves70, 71, 72, 73 of the individual machines open, whereupon thetrea'ted material leaves the chamber through, for 6X amplein the case of the machine 57, the dis charge hopper 74:.

The charging devices and discharge valves are operated by the common. control shaft 75-wl1ieh may, in known IllElI111Gl,'b6 intermittently thrown out of engagement with the driving shaft whereby the period .of

Within an emery jacket 65 in each of 73 may be varied at will. means of a special device each of the chargtreatment, that is, the period between the operationof the feed devices 66,67, 68, 69 and thatof the discharge valves 70, 71, 72,

ing devices 66, 67, 68,69 may be kept continuously closed, a chamber, so disconnected, being then altogether out of operation so that it does not load themachme;

The machine illustrated in Fig. 9 difi'ers i from the construction according to Figs. 7 and 8 in that a common charging hopper 81 for all the machines takes the place of the separate hoppers. The material is conveyed fromthis hopper through a screw conveyer 82 to the individual machinesand is from'time to time'permitted to pass into the chambers by means of valve devices 83,

' 84:, 85, 86, as in the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8. A further difference over the construction according to Figs. 7 and 8 consists in the fact that the intermediate spaces 59, 60, 61between the peeling chambers are enclosed, a common jacket for all the chambers being utilized for this purpose. This jacket is provided with openings 87 to allowthe air into the enclosed space from which it may enter, through openings 88, 89, the treating chambers 55, 56 adjacent the intermediate space 60, while the outer chambers 54, 57 are provided with air inlet openings 90, 9lat the ends.

The machine shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings consists of two two-chamber machines 92,793 which are arranged next to 'each other with an intermediate space 102,

the beater devices being driven by a shaft 58 common to the two machines. In this case acommon feed device 94 or 95is' provided for each pair of chambers, the material passing from the feed devices through intermediate chambers 96, 97 into the individual peeling chambers. The air enters through openings 98, 99, 100, 101' at the outer ends of the chambers.

I claim: V

1. A machine for treating grain comprising a plurality of treating chambers, arranged in pairs, charging conduits extending between the two chambers of each pair, the chambers of each pair having charging openings in fixed connection with the cooperating conduit, valves in said conduits for controlling the communication between the latter and its connected chambers, means for automatically operating said valves at predetermined time intervals, valves" for controlling the charging operationboth as to time and volume of the charge, and

means for automatically operating said last named valves;

' 2. A machme for treating gram comprising a pair of treating chambers, a charging conduit having fixed simultaneous connection with both of said chambers, acharging Moreover by hopper connected with said conduit, a valve for opemngand closlng the COIDIDHIIICMSIOII' 'munication between the charging devices and said chambers, a dlscharglng valve for each chamber, and automatic means for operating the valve devlces and the discharge valves in predetermined sequence at predes termined time intervals. V

4. A machine for treating rain, compris ing a pair of treating cham rs, charging Y means in fixed simultaneous connection with each of said chambers, means whereby the charging means is automaticallythrown in to open communication with each of said chambers independently at predetermined time intervals, discharge valves for each of said chambers, and means for automatically maintaining said discharge valves in closed positions during the charging periods and for predetermined ,time periods thereafter,

and for automatically opening the individ- 'ual discharge valves independently of each other at predetermined, time intervals.

5. A machine for treating rain, comprising a pair of treating cham ers, charging means in fixed simultaneous connection with each of said chambers, means whereby the charging means is automatically thrown into open communication with each of said chambers independently atgprede'termined time intervals, means whereby the amount of grain delivered by the charging device to the respective chambers is automatically controlled, discharge valves for each of said chambers, and means for automatically maintaining such'discharge valves in closed positions during the charging periodsand for predetermined time periods thereafter, and for automatically opening theindividual discharge valves independently of each other at predetermined time intervals.

6. A machine for treating grain, comprising a-pairoftreating chambers, a charging conduit having fixed, simultaneous connection with both of said chambers, a charging hopper connected with said conduit, a valve for opening and closin the communication between the hopper an the conduit, means for automatically operating said valve to control the amount of the charges delivered to said conduit, a secondvalve whereby the conduit isfthrown into open communication with said chambers in sequence, means for automatically operating said second valve at predetermined time intervals, discharge valves for each of said chambers, and means for automatically maintaining said dischargevalves in closed positions during the charging periods and for predetermined time periods thereafter, and for automatieally opening the individual discharge valves independently of each other at predetermined time intervals.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed'my name this 19th day of October 1925. v

' LEOPOLD KASPAR. 

